What types of cells make up the olfactory epithelium?

The olfactory epithelium is a specialized tissue involved in the sense of smell, and it is primarily composed of three types of cells: olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, and basal cells.

Olfactory receptor neurons are responsible for detecting odor molecules and initiating the sensory process for smell. Supporting cells serve to provide structural support and maintain the environment for the olfactory receptors. They also play a role in detoxifying harmful substances that may be inhaled. Basal cells are stem cells that can differentiate into both olfactory receptor neurons and supporting cells, thus playing a crucial role in the regeneration of the epithelium.

Other options contain components that do not belong to the olfactory epithelium. For example, cone cells are photoreceptor cells found in the retina of the eye and are not involved in olfaction. Gustatory receptors are involved in the taste sensation and are found in the taste buds, while ciliated cells and nerve fibers may relate to other sensory functions but do not accurately represent the composition of the olfactory epithelium. Understanding these cell types and their functions is essential for grasping how the olfactory system works.